MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT

The course covers various aspects of migration: the causes, the importance of economic and social remittances of migrants, their potential for the development of the origin countries and integration in the destination countries.

Class lessons

Power Point Presentations

2 Final short papers

During the course students will be asked to prepare Power Point Presentations and two final short papers

A Brief History of Economic Development and introduction to Sustainable Development

• The age of modern growth
• Why some countries developed
• Present inequalities
• Limits to growth and Planet Boundaries
• Climate Change
• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), Sustainable Sevelopment Goals (SDGs)

A Brief History of Development Aid

• Evolution
• Aid and its discontents
• Actors in development Aid: Governments, Non-governmental Organizations, Foundations, private sector

Migration and Economic Development

• Highlights, facts
• Remittances
• Regional corridors
• Push and pull factors
• Migration hump
• Migration bands
• Impact of remittances and migration on the economy of sending and receiving countries
• Political issues in Migration

Migrants’ Integration Issues, Co-development (how to promote migrants role in the development of their countries of origin)

• Origin of the concept

• The Migration for Development Programme of the International Organization for Development
• Trés por Uno (Mexico experience)
• The Italian experience, MIDA (Migration for Development Africa)

• Issues in co-development, the case of Mali

Circular and Return Migration: an Introduction

• Concepts
• Seasonal schemes

Co-development: case studies

• How to diminish the cost of sending money home
• Financial inclusion and education,
• The importance of communication on migration issues at home and in the receiving countries
• Community projects, migrants as entrepreneurs at home

Circular migration: OECD National experiences in promoting circular, return migration, seasonal/temporary migration schemes

• Canada
• USA
• Netherlands
• Denmark
• Australia
• New Zealand
• France
• Spain
• Italy
• Germany

Summing up: Issues on Migration at Country level

• Country studies:
• Issues (land, credit, etc)

Environmental migration : Causes of environmental migration, institutional and legal issues

• Environmental issues and Environmental Migration in the Mediterranean and Middle East Region
• Environmental issues and Environmental Migration in Africa
• Environmental issues and Environmental Migration in the Asia-Pacific region
• Environmental issues and Environmental Migration in Latin America
• Definition of climate-environmental refugee (Geneva Convention, etc). Number of displaced people. Is there protection of environmental migrants- displaced persons? Issues and examples

Social remittances

• Definition
• Issues
• Examples

Readmissions Agreements (voluntary return, forced return , development aid packages to promote return)

• Main issues
• European policies
• Examples of Readmissions Agreements
• Political/economic/financial issues

Trafficking and smuggling of people

• Main issues
• European policies
• The economics of trafficking and smuggling
• Political issues

Environmental and Economic Migration and the Theories of International relations: Realism, Liberal Institutionalism and Constructivism.

1. The Migration Compact and The Refugee Compact
2. Interpretation of the Compacts according to the Realists Theory of International Relations
3. Interpretation according to the Institutional Theory
4. Interpretation according to the Constructivist Theory

International Action on Migration:

• La Valletta - EU Trust Fund for Africa
• Migration Compact implementation actions

Actors in Migration:

1. IOM
2. UNHCR
3. UNODC
4. IFAD
5. WB
6. Medecins Sans frontiers
7. Oxfam
8. Other International non Governmental Organizations
9. FAO
10. Other

How to get a job in Humanitarian aid?

• Should one study International Development, Public Health, Environmental studies, or Political Science, Media, Languages, etc?
• An illustration of the myriad of careers and specialism available within the sector and of the pros and cons of each option

Career development Work in a UN Organization:

• Type of jobs:
  • Resource mobilization (with public sector)
  • Resource mobilization (individual)
  • Partnerships with private sector, Corporate Social Responsibility
  • Professional skills required
• Practical examples of work, students analysis of partnerships with corporations, screening of potential private sector partners for a UN organization, national and international NGOs
• Readings:

Agreements between UN and corporations, INGO, NGOs, will be provided for students’ analysis

Career development

• Interviews simulations with students

Final papers on Migration and Development (6-10 pages) will be presented by students

• Readings - Mandatory- From the web:

• IOM World Migration Report: Page 1-38, Page 125-247
• MIGRATION IN THE 2030 AGENDA - IOM Page 1- 36. Page 101-116

• Mandatory, to be distributed and published in Studium

• Manola Sorg, GLOPEM 2017: Migration and Development, Hot Topics and Recommendations for National and International Action,
• Maurizio Malogioglio GLOPEM 2019: Is Migration a trheat or an Opportunity?
• Maurizio Malogioglio GLOPEM 2019: Co-development and Promoting the Investment of Remittances for Development, Policy Tools Available to Development Agencies, European Institutions, Governments

• Additional readings, Not mandatory, but useful for deeper understanding

• World Migration Report 2015-2016-2017-2018. Can be downloaded from the site of the International Organization for Migration
• STUDY THE IMPACTS OF REMITTANCES ON DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EXTERNAL POLICIES OF THE UNION, DIRECTORATE B POLICY DEPARTMENT

• Further Readings on Migration and the Environment (31 pages):

• Environmental change and migration: What we know. Susan Martin
• European Commission, Migration in response to environmental change September 2015, Issue 51
• Migration and the Environment. Jason Bremner and Lori M. Hunter
• Recommendations from the Advisory Group on Climate Change and Human Mobility (November 2015)

• Readings on this subject may be found at the portal below:

  http://www.environmentalmigration.iom.int/sites/default/files/Research%20Database/Paris_COP21-Human_Mobility-AdvisoryGroup.pdf