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The course aims to introduce and critically discuss the main contemporary sociological theories, with particular attention to interpretations of modernity and the major social processes that characterize today’s society.

By the end of the course, students will be able to:

• demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the main theoretical approaches in contemporary sociology;

• apply concepts and theoretical models to the analysis of social phenomena such as globalization, individualization, inequalities, and transformations of work;

• develop independent judgment through the critical comparison of different paradigms;

• communicate acquired knowledge clearly and coherently, both orally and in writing;

• show the ability to learn autonomously through the critical elaboration of the theories addressed in the course.

The course begins with a reflection on the transformations of modernity, identifying the main social macro-processes of the current historical phase, in particular the processes of individualization and globalization. It then examines the sociological theories and interpretations of modernity proposed by some of the most influential contemporary authors: Ulrich Beck, Zygmunt Bauman, Alain Touraine, Anthony Giddens, and Pierre Bourdieu. The course concludes with a critical comparison of these theoretical paradigms.

The course includes laboratory activities designed to integrate theory and practice through the analysis of contemporary social issues. These activities may result in the preparation of a project work, either individual or group-based, which will be discussed orally with the instructor during the exam.

As an alternative, students may opt for a written exam based on the reference text, designed to assess their knowledge of the authors covered and their ability to develop a critical argument.

Non-attending students may agree with the instructor on an individual or small-group project.

Grades will be assigned based on knowledge, application of knowledge, independent judgment, communication skills, and learning capacity. The grading criteria are as follows:

18–20: limited or inaccurate knowledge of the topics; superficial understanding of the main theories; lack of technical-specialist vocabulary; no ability to apply knowledge to current issues; poor argumentative skills in connecting authors and/or theoretical approaches.

21–23: basic but accurate knowledge of the main topics; elementary understanding of the theories studied; minimal acquisition of specialist vocabulary; weak ability to apply knowledge; limited argumentative and thematic depth.

24–26: correct knowledge and good understanding of the main theories; appropriate use of specialist vocabulary; essential ability to apply knowledge to current issues; ability to connect authors and theoretical approaches; correct but straightforward interpretation of information and formulation of judgments.

27–29: solid and advanced knowledge; excellent understanding of the different theories studied; full command of specialist vocabulary; ability to apply knowledge to current issues; independent judgment in evaluating and connecting authors and theoretical approaches; critical ability to interpret information and deepen understanding, also considering socio-political implications.

30–30 cum laude: comprehensive and excellent knowledge; complete mastery of theories and specialist vocabulary; original ability to apply knowledge and redefine problems in innovative ways; high level of independent judgment in connecting authors and approaches; strong capacity to interpret information and formulate complex judgments; ability to evaluate issues with awareness of socio-political responsibilities; capability to engage in debate even with specialists in the field.